The present study examines reciprocal associations between substance involvement (alcohol, nicotine and cannabis use and dependence) and SI and SA in a longitudinal cohort which was partially derived from families at high genetic risk for alcohol use disorders. In a sample of 3,277 participants, we examined the extent to which early substance use was associated with subsequent onset of SI and SA, and conversely, whether SI and SA that preceded onset of substance involvement was associated with alcohol, nicotine and cannabis use and dependence.
