Since glial PPARα expression has been reported to be influenced by inflammatory stimuli including LPS (Paintlia et al., 2008a,b; Gocke et al., 2009), we also measured brain mRNA level of PPARα after LPS injection. Compared with saline injection, LPS significantly reduced PPARα at 6 hours compared to saline injection (Fig. 3A). Pretreatment with Wy-14643 and fenofibrate significantly increased PPARα after LPS injection compared to vehicle pretreatment. The levels were even higher than those in the saline-injected brains. At 3 days after LPS, there was no difference in the PPARα levels among the animal groups (Fig. 3A).
