Baseline demographic variables used in the analysis are gender, age (≤25, 26–39, 40+) income (<$25k, $25k+), employment status (full/parttime employment vs. not employed), education (<high school, high school, more than high school) and marital status (married/living as married vs. single. Any AA utilization prior to the baseline interview was also considered as a covariate. Finally, prior substance use treatment utilization was considered as a covariate in the analysis and included all participants in the treatment sample at baseline and any of the participants in the general population sample who had ever been to treatment.