Chunk #4 — 1. INTRODUCTION — 1.3 Prevalence of FASD and the study population

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Maternal alcohol consumption producing fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD): quantity, frequency, and timing of drinking.

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yes

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Recent estimates are that FAS affects 2 to 7 per 1,000 children in the Western world (May et al., 2006, 2009, 2011; Petković and Barišić, 2010). All levels of FASD may affect 2 to 5% (May et al., 2009). More prevalent in ZA (May et al., 2000, 2007; Urban et al., 2008; Viljoen et al., 2005), total FASD for this study community is 13.6 to 20.9%, the highest ever reported (May et al., 2013a).