because they had already developed alcohol dependence as defined in the Fourth Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV) criteria (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Of the remainder, 1028 had Baseline evaluations (the time the SRE was completed) and one (174) or two (854) of the subsequent follow-ups. Almost half (49.4%) were nieces or nephews of original COGA probands, 20.9% were offspring, 14.1% were grandchildren, 2.5% were siblings, 0.6% were cousins, and for the remaining 12.5% the relationship to original subjects had not been recorded.