This study provides current and lifetime prevalence figures for DSM-IV-TR Axis I mental disorders, drug use patterns, and demographic correlates based on a large population-based study from China. It had a very high participation rate and included a comprehensive, psychiatrist-conducted assessment of the full range of mental disorders. We also carefully distinguished between substance-induced and non-substance-induced psychiatric disorders. The data from this study combined with data from the other studies reviewed in this article suggest that psychiatric comorbidity is a major health concern when treating addiction. It may well be that physicians who use standard drug treatment interventions need to consider concurrently treating of both substance-induced and other Axis I disorders with symptoms such as psychotic symptoms, depression, and anxiety when developing a treatment regimen.
