Expression of appetitive, ethanol-mediated second order conditioning and primary conditioned activation during the transfer phase seem to be related phenomena. Adults showed neither behavioral activation during the second order phase nor second-order ethanol-mediated tactile preferences. On the other hand, when conditioned place preference was evident in adolescents, behavioral activation (i.e., wall-climbing) emerged during CS1-CS2 pairings. Furthermore, adolescents exhibited a significant positive correlation between preference for CS2 (sandpaper) and wall climbing scores, particularly in the experimental condition (LP Group) that yielded ethanol-mediated place preference. Wall-climbing seems to decline as a function of age (Scalzo & Burgue, 1992). This raises the possibility that adults failed to exhibit ethanol-related changes in wall-climbing just because the latter is not a pertinent dependent variable for mature subjects. However, an association between wall climbing scores during the transfer and tactile preference scores was also found in adult subjects and, as in adolescents, it was exhibited by paired but not control subjects, indicating sensitivity of the wall-climbing measures for adults. The direction of these associations in adults was, however, opposite to that found in adolescents. For adults
