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Chunk #19 — 4. Discussion

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Genome-wide association studies of maximum number of drinks.
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SNP rs11128951 near SGOL1 (Also known as SGO, SGO1) at 3p24.3 reached the genome-wide significant level (p < 5×10−7). Salic et al. (2004) concluded that SGOL1 is required for mitotic progression and chromosome segregation and provides a link between sister centromere cohesion and microtubule interactions at kinetochores. Riedel et al. (2006) showed that SGOL1 recruited to centromeres a specific form of protein PP2A in fission and budding yeast and concluded that efficient cleavage of Rec8 required phosphorylation of cohesion and that this was blocked by PP2A at meiosis I centromeres. SGOL1, which encodes a centromeric protein that belongs to the shugoshin family, is essential in chromosome cohesion during mitosis. It prevents premature dissociation of cohesion complex from centromeres after prophases, when most of cohesion complex dissociates from chromosomes arms (Kitajima et al., 2006). Experiment has confirmed that centrosome/spindle pole sSgo1 signals, the shorter isoform, are detected in interphase and mitotic cells while sSGO1 plays an essential role in protecting centriole cohesion (Wang et al. 2008). In 2008, Yamagishi et al. (2008) demonstrated that the recruitment of SGOL was the important