COGA’s prospective study began data collection in 2004 and ended in 2019. Details on data collection and procedures have been published previously [43]. Briefly, offspring from families densely affected with AUD and comparison community families who were aged 12–22 at intake, and who had at least one parent interviewed in an earlier phase of the COGA study, were enrolled, with new subjects added as they reached the age of 12. Subjects were assessed every two years with a comprehensive battery that includes the Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism (SSAGA) [44,45] assessing substance use problems as well as other psychiatric disorders and related behaviors, personality questionnaires, neurocognitive performance, and a neurophysiological battery that includes resting state EEG. The sample comprises 2625 offspring from 2413 nuclear families. Of the 2625 offspring (1286 males and 1339 females), 1931 had at least one follow-up interview, 1324 had two follow-up interviews, 842 had three follow-up interviews, 428 had four follow-up interviews, and 8 had five follow-up interviews at the time of analysis. The analytic sample in the present study comprises all offspring who
