Demographic and clinical characteristics are summarized in Table 2. The groups did not differ as a function of sex or education (all ps>0.05). Although the HC and MDD group did not differ in terms of age, the rMDD group was older than the HC group (p=0.04). The MDD group scored higher than the HC and rMDD groups on the BDI-II and the four MASQ subscales (all ps<0.001), and had more lifetime comorbidities compared to the rMDD group (p=0.006). Ten subjects in the MDD group were medicated (see Supplement). Within the MDD group, demographic and clinical characteristics did not differ as a function of medication status (all ps>0.05).