The use of human neurons for modeling neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders has grown in popularity due to advances in stem cell biology, such as the development of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells and induced neuronal cells (iNs) that preserve human genetic information relevant to disease. Much of the focus of human neurons has been on mechanistic studies: uncovering disease etiology and pathophysiology, such as revealing the cellular and molecular phenotypes produced by disease-associated genetic variants in vitro. These mechanistic studies will lead to improved therapeutic development. However, in the brain, neurons do not exist as single cell populations alone, but rather as complex interconnected networks formed between distinct brain regions, or nuclei, that relay information via synapses. To further the goal of improving new therapy development for human neuropsychiatric disorders, it is important to consider disease mechanisms within the appropriate neurocircuitry context and the complex crosstalk between distinct neuronal subpopulations. For neuropsychiatric disorders, this is especially important since effects in one brain region can impact circuit-level functions in complex and poorly understood ways. While preservation of circuitry and anatomical arrangement
