as a covariate, and those analyses without lean body mass produced relatively similar results (Supplementary Table 2). To correct for differences in genetic ancestry, we include ancestry principal components (PCs) in our GWA analyses. To calculate the PCs, we used Eigenstrat49 v4.2 on each of the four race/ethnicity groups as previously described.31 For the non-Hispanic Whites, the first 10 ancestry PCs were included in each regression model, while for the 3 other race/ethnicity groups, the first 6 ancestry PCs were included. For the non-Hispanic whites, the percentage of Ashkenazi ancestry was also used as a covariate in the GWA analyses to adjust for genetic ancestry, as described previously.31 Further, the genomic inflation factor λ was calculated for each GWA analysis to assess inflation due to population stratification and was found to be modest (all ≤ 1.07).
