Chunk #14 — 2. CENTRAL GLUTAMATERGIC ACTIVITY — 2.5 Glutamate and the Postsynaptic Density (Fig. 2)

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Ethanol-Associated Changes in Glutamate Reward Neurocircuitry: A Minireview of Clinical and Preclinical Genetic Findings.

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The ionotropic NMDA and AMPA receptors are primarily concentrated in the PSD but there are distinct differences in synaptic regulation of these receptors.76,77 Additionally, NMDARs initiate synaptic plasticity by interacting with other components of the PSD.78–82 Similarly, AMPARs are involved in rapid synaptic transmission and these receptors cycle on and off in a manner tightly controlled by neuronal activity/plasticity in the PSD.78–82 The recycling (i.e., insertion and removal) of these AMPARs at the synapse modulates synaptic efficiency and thus, like NMDARs, influence learning and memory.76,77