Jirikowic, Carmichael Olson, et al., 2008; Mattson, et al., 1998), increased motor timing variability (Simmons, Levy, Riley, Madra, & Mattson, 2009), poor hand/eye coordination (Adnams et al., 2001), poor bimanual coordination (Roebuck-Spencer, Mattson, Marion, Brown, & Riley, 2004), dysfunctional force regulation (Simmons et al., 2011), atypical trajectories in goal-directed arm movements (Domellof, Fagard, Jacquet, & Ronnqvist, 2010), impaired oculomotor control (Green, Mihic, Brien, et al., 2009), poor sensory processing and sensorimotor performance (Jirikowic, Carmichael Olson, et al., 2008), and weak grasp (Conry, 1990). However, one study found that children with FASD exhibit deficits in static postural control (Kooistra et al., 2009), which is in contrast to a previous study (Roebuck, Simmons, Mattson, & Riley, 1998) reporting that these children perform as well as controls in stable environmental conditions. Another found no differences in gross motor functioning in FAS children (Adnams, et al., 2001). Inconsistencies amongst these studies may be attributed to differences in the comprehensiveness of assessment of postural instability and insensitivity of the Griffith’s Locomotor subscale to detecting more subtle motor deficits in this population.
