There is significant promise in future technologies that will become available shortly. Genome-wide association studies will remain important in providing unbiased answers. As whole-genome re-sequencing becomes more readily available, it will be possible to study rare variants in more sophisticated ways. Copy number variation is another relatively unexplored type of genetic variation that has been suggested to be important in pharmacogenomics (Johansson and Ingelman-Sundberg 2008). Finally, there are substantial opportunities and challenges in integrating the findings from genetic studies in humans and model organisms (Phillips et al. 2008).
