We evaluated demographic, diagnostic, and MA use variables collected using the Semi-Structured Assessment for Drug Dependence and Alcoholism (SSADDA – Thai version) as part of ongoing studies of MA users (n=990) from across the country. Subjects agreed to be hospitalized for four months of residential (i.e., inpatient) drug treatment at the Princess Mother National Institute on Drug Abuse and Treatment (Thanyarak Institute) located in central Thailand (near Bangkok) during 2007-2011 (Kalayasiri et al., 2010, Intharachuti, 2012, Kalayasiri et al., 2014), a period immediately following implementation of the Thai government's new drug policies. The treatment program mainly used a modified therapeutic community program. Subjects and measures have been described elsewhere (Kalayasiri et al., 2014), but in brief, individuals aged 18 years or older with more than 10 episodes of lifetime MA (often called “yaba”) use were included without sampling; all available patients were invited for screening and informed consent, excluding those with primary psychotic (schizophrenia or bipolar affective disorder) or neurological (e.g., cerebrovascular disease, epilepsy) disorders. We also excluded participants with mood disorders due to small samples (five males and one
