All surgical procedures were conducted using an aseptic technique. Rats (eight females, eight males) were randomly assigned to either the ibotenic acid (four females, four males) or saline treatment (four females, four males) conditions prior to surgery. Behavioral performance during training was assessed for the last 5 d of training prior to surgery in order to verify that groups showed no difference in behavioral performance prior to surgery. Prior to surgery, there were no differences in the average number of trials completed in a session (t(14) = 0.4149, P = 0.6845) or the in percentage of correct trials performed (t(14) = 0.807, P = 0.4332) between the groups. In order to investigate the role of the ACC in modulating motor outcomes and stopping behavior, rats, regardless of treatment condition, received two unilateral stereotactic injections spaced 1 mm apart targeting the ACC at the following coordinates relative to bregma (injection 1: AP, +0.2 mm; ML: ±0.5 mm; DV: −2.2 mm; injection 2: AP, +1.2 mm; ML: ±0.5 mm; DV: −2.2 mm). Coordinates were chosen based on a previous recording study targeting
