However, while there is a growing literature interested in the roles of epigenetic modification in the etiology of psychopathology in humans, the design and analysis of studies in this area is fraught with considerable epidemiologic challenge.[25] This includes the development of causal models in study design; sample considerations, including size and generalizability; and the proper measurement of epigenetic modification. Using epidemiologic principles to explore these challenges, we suggest here directions for future research about the role of epigenetic modification in the etiology of psychopathology in humans.
