We performed a variety of sensitivity analyses. Results from leave-one-out (LOO) and sex-stratified analyses were largely similar to those from the main results. In ancestry stratified analyses, results in the cohorts of European ancestries largely mirrored the main results. None of the PGS were associated with SUDs in the cohorts of African ancestries. Effect sizes for the CERI were largely similar across European and African ancestries (see Supplemental Tables S1–S3) and were mostly stable when removing individual risk factors (supplemental information section 7).
