There was evidence of an interaction between child gender and alcohol consumption in relation to parent-rated SDQ scores (Table 2). In girls, the effect sizes of the unadjusted differences were up to 0.2 of a standard deviation. In adjusted models, the consumption of ≥4 drinks was associated with hyperactivity/inattention, conduct and total problems in girls. These patterns of associations persisted, with some attenuation, in all three sensitivity analyses (i.e. excluding gestational age and birth weight from the model and after adjusting for first trimester alcohol consumption and postnatal variables). Although there were similar associations involving teacher-rated SDQ and KS2 scores in the univariable analyses, these did not persist after adjusting for confounders (Table 3).Table 2Relationships between binge pattern of drinking (yes/no) and mean differences (regression coefficients) in parent-rated SDQOutcome measures (score range)Unadjusted mean differences (95 % C.I.) p Adjustedb mean differences (95 % C.I.) p p for gender interactiona Whole sample Conduct problems (0–10)0.16 (0.06,0.26)0.0020.05 (−0.06,0.15)0.4060.105 Hyperactivity/inattention (0–10)0.27 (0.12,0.43)0.0010.11 (−0.05,0.27)0.1780.082 Total problems (0–40)0.68 (0.33,1.03)<0.0010.30 (−0.07,0.67)0.1090.022Boys Conduct problems (0–10)0.08 (−0.07,0.22)0.314−0.06 (−0.21,0.10)0.460 Hyperactivity/inattention (0–10)0.14 (−0.09,0.36)0.245−0.02 (−0.26,0.23)0.889 Total problems (0–40)0.27 (−0.23,0.78)0.288−0.16 (−0.69,0.37)0.565Girls Conduct
