Pharmacogenomic testing platforms and laboratory services include those approved by the FDA as well as those developed and/or provided in Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments–certified laboratories. Although there will be an increasing number of resources available to prescribers and patients to obtain this information, it is important to understand some of the variables that may differ across available options—that not all testing platforms or services examine the same variants in a given gene and that these differences may be more or less important depending on the ancestry of a particular patient. As they relate to the neuropsychiatric medications reviewed in this article, a number of testing platforms and testing facilities currently exist that may be helpful in examining the variants that are relevant to these medications. As an example, a selection of the pharmacogenomic testing platforms or laboratories relevant to the biomarkers listed in guidelines or product labeling in the United States is listed in Table 2. Some testing options are directly available to customers and do not require physician involvement (e.g., 23 and Me, Matrix Genomics) and others, which call
