Identification of the specific familial influences, such as parental monitoring, quality of parent-child relationships, and parental psychopathology, that jointly contribute to or reduce risk for CSA and early substance use is an important next step in this line of research. Additional research is also needed to determine the generalizability of findings to ethnic groups not included in the current sample, as well as to males, who have substantially lower rates of CSA (1, 3, 4).
