In rural Georgia, 502 African American families were recruited; see Brody et al. (2012) and Kogan et al. (2012) for more details. In each family, an adolescent who was 16 years of age at recruitment (56% female) and the adolescent’s primary caregiver (in most cases, the youth’s biological mother) took part in the study. More than 75% of the primary caregivers had completed high school or earned a general equivalency diploma; the median family income was $1,482.50. Although the primary caregivers in the sample worked an average of 41.5 hours per week (SD = 20.4), 63.8% of the participants lived below federal poverty standards, and another 18% lived within 150% of the poverty threshold; they can be described as working poor.
