Recent studies have shown interactive effects between FKBP5 and childhood maltreatment on violent behaviors, including suicidality, that are often comorbid with AUDs and DD. In a group of Italian prisoners, FKBP5 variation had a significant effect on aggressive and violent behavior, but only in individuals exposed to childhood trauma, particularly physical abuse [73]. FKBP5 and CRHBP variation were shown to predispose individuals—independently and additively—to suicidal behavior in a sample of African Americans who had experienced considerable childhood maltreatment [74, 75].
