A considerably large literature has clearly documented in the general population that substantial comorbidity exists between antisocial behaviors and substance abuse. Evidence for the covariation of substance use disorders and antisocial behavior is found in both clinical and epidemiological samples in both men and women and in both adolescents and adults (Bucholz, 1999; Compton et al., 2000; Dinwiddie and Reich, 1993; Fu et al., 2002; Goldstein et al., 2006; Holdcraft et al., 1998; Kessler et al., 1997; Regier et al., 1990; Simmons and Havens, 2006; Westermeyer and Thuras, 2005; Wong et al., 1999). In fact, it has been suggested that the relationship between antisocial behavior and substance abuse may be one of the best documented findings in the psychopathology literature (see Waldman and Slutske, 2000). However, documenting comorbidity between disorders does not necessarily imply a causal connection between them or a common etiological pathway.
