Swain, 2014; Owens, Bachman, Glahn, & Bearden, 2016; Pearlson, 2015; Rosen, Spellman, & Gordon, 2015; Rubenstein, Wiggins, & Lee, 2015; Salvatore, Gottesman, & Dick, 2015; Swerdlow, Gur, & Braff, 2015), and many of these share a conviction that endophenotypes are valuable for identifying genetic liability . However, despite their introduction to psychiatry by Gottesman and Shields (I. I. Gottesman & Shields, 1972) over four decades ago, the promise of endophenotypes for gene discovery has yet to be realized.
