Before conducting the ITT and CACE analyses, unconditional latent growth models of child oppositional-defiant behavior from age 2 to age 5 demonstrated that a linear model provided a good fit to the data, in which χ2(4) = 18.67, p < .001, CFI = .985, TLI = .978, RMSEA = .071. The mean of the slope was significant (estimate = −.083, p < .001),suggesting negative linear change over time, on average. The slope variance was also significant (estimate = .007, p < .001),suggesting individual differences in the rate of growth over time.
