There is a growing body of scientific literature on the personalization of treatments for physical diseases such as cancer based on one’s genome (see Guan et al., 2012). Although this work has received a great deal of attention in the print and electronic media, there is also a nascent scientific literature on the use of the genome in tailoring treatments for addiction to commonly used substances such as tobacco (e.g., Uhl et al., 2010a). Indeed, Uhl and colleagues (Uhl et al., 2010a; Uhl et al., 2010b) have reported in a series of the studies on the use of a polygenic score to predict cessation success among adult tobacco smokers enrolled in smoking cessation treatment trials. This polygenic score was derived from genome-wide association studies of the adult participants from 3 prior smoking cessation trials and was found to successfully predict quit success (Uhl et al., 2010a). The use of a genome-wide derived polygenic scores is consistent with the belief that complex human behavior is likely a product of a multiple genes working in concert (Duncan et al. 2014; Plomin et
