Inhibitory response control is often linked with the integrity of brain systems interconnecting regions of the frontal lobe and basal ganglia. In the following section, we will refer to both lesion and imaging data in animals and humans that help to illuminate the specifics of these anatomy-behavior relationships. In particular, the similarities and differences between the underlying neural circuits responsible for inhibitory control performance in different tasks can help to address the question of whether there is a common biological pathway to impulsive action or whether this phenotype is itself heterogeneously determined and multidimensional. A summary of the experimental studies in rodent models (demonstrating cause-effect relationships) are depicted in Figure 1.
