Drug-addicted individuals are known to exhibit deficits in neural systems associated with cognitive control (Goldstein et al., 2004; Hester & Garavan, 2004; Hester, Nestor, & Garavan, 2009). Neurobiological models of cognitive control emphasize a network of regions centered on the ACC, lateral PFC and parietal areas. Substantial evidence and recent theories suggest that ACC subserves a monitoring role for the detection of salient events, particularly erroneous or error-prone actions (Carter and van Veen, 2007; Ridderinkhof et al., 2004). Upon detection of such salient/erroneous events, the ACC is thought to signal the need for the top-down reorientation of attention, implemented by lateral PFC and parietal regions (Kerns et al., 2004; King et al., 2010; Miller and Cohen, 2001). The top-down influence of lateral PFC appears to bias information processing in lower-level sensorimotor cortices towards relevant input (Egner and Hirsch, 2005; King et al., 2010) for the optimization of goal-directed behavior (Frank et al., 2005; Hester et al., 2008; Magno et al., 2006). Performance decrements on measures of cognitive control in drug addicted individuals (Franken et al., 2010; Hester & Garavan, 2004;
