Examining the effects of individual SNPs, for those discovered in ICBP the effects are typically weaker in GERA, likely due to the winner's curse28. The opposite is also the case: SNPs discovered in GERA have weaker effects in ICBP. UKB comparisons are similar, with the discovery cohort (GERA or GERA+ICBP) having stronger effect sizes than the replication cohort (UKB). Seven SNPs exhibited significant heterogeneity among studies (P<0.00059, Bonferroni correction for 85 SNPs) at the lead trait (Supplementary Table 6).
