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Chunk #3 — 1. ALCOHOLISM AND GENETICS

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Ethanol-Associated Changes in Glutamate Reward Neurocircuitry: A Minireview of Clinical and Preclinical Genetic Findings.
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It also meets the more recently proposed criteria including relapse-like,25 binge-like,21,22,26,27 and early/adolescent-onset of excessive drinking, which results in blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) greater than the threshold (80 mg%) of NIAAA’s28 definition for binge drinking.26,29 By the nature of selective breeding, P rats represent multigenerational FHP subjects and their counterparts, the selectively bred alcohol-nonpreferring NP rats, represent multigenerational-FHN individuals. Regarding the point about representing FHP individuals, the P rat has some neurochemical, neuro-physiological, and behavioral characteristics similar to those seen clinically in FHP individuals.21,26,30