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Chunk #14 — RESULTS — Transcriptome analysis of organoids derived from ASD individuals

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FOXG1-Dependent Dysregulation of GABA/Glutamate Neuron Differentiation in Autism Spectrum Disorders.
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We further refined our understanding of the functional annotations of the upregulated magenta, blue, brown and tan “neuronal” modules by investigating their canonical pathways annotations. The magenta module was significantly enriched in transcription- and cell cycle-related canonical pathways (Tables S5, S6). Indeed, among the significantly upregulated genes in this module are a number of transcription factors (TFs) crucial for acquisition of neural cell fates and precursor cell proliferation in the telencephalon, including DLX6-AS1, FOXG1, EOMES, POU3F3/BRN1, SOX3, SOX5, GSX2, ETV1, DLX1, DLX6, E2F2, and SYNE2 (Tables S4, S5, S6). Many of these TFs are also hub genes (Figure 2C; Table S7). Overall, genes in the magenta module function in the transcriptional regulation of cell fate and cell proliferation in the forebrain.