Our data sources included registries from five health systems linked to biobanks: Vanderbilt University Medical Center’s (VUMC) biobank (BioVU), Mass General Brigham Biobank (MGBB), Penn Medicine Biobank (PMBB), Million Veteran Program (MVP), and UK Biobank (UKBB). There were 46,905 (EUR) patients from VUMC, 22,268 (EUR) patients from MGBB, 39,087 patients from PMBB (28,999 EUR and 10,088 AA), 545,530 patients from MVP (396,833 EUR, 104,332 AA, 44,365 LA), and 244,890 participants from UKBB. Details of each registry, including demographics and data sources, are listed in Supplementary Table 2.