of peripheral predictors of CNS inflammation. Continual development of PET labeling methods for TSPO, P2X7, and other inflammatory markers in live human brain are also likely to provide important insight. A recently completed study examined the effects of alcohol on immune biomarkers, neurobiological measures, and cognitive function in healthy adults (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03370783), and these findings will hopefully guide future research to develop useful biomarkers of inflammation in humans to diagnose and monitor treatment efficacy.
