Table 3 shows the A, C, and E estimates as obtained from the univariate common effects sex-limitation models. Genetic influences on conduct symptoms are 38% for males and 81% for females, whereas genetic influences on the substance use phenotypes range from 31% to 61%. Shared environmental influences play a role in some traits; C explains approximately 20% of the individual difference in conduct symptoms in males, and between 0% (for alcohol use, both sexes) and 47% (for cannabis use in males) in the different substance use variables.
