Finally, recent years have seen proliferation of methods for modification of brain function by electric or magnetic brain stimulation (George and Aston-Jones, 2010), including Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and re-emergence (after almost 100 years) of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS). These methods offer an opportunity for the investigation of the interplay between genetic determination and plasticity in brain function. Can genetically determined deficits in specific aspects of neurocognitive processing be ameliorated by brain stimulation? Will these modifications be long-lasting? Conversely, how responses to brain stimulation are modulated by the individual's genotype?
