Prognostic links between irritable and headstrong factors at wave 1 and outcomes up to age 16 were largely consistent with Stringaris and Goodman’s (2009a) results. Prediction to later DSM-IV ODD and CD, including aggressive and non-aggressive CD symptoms, was very similar for the irritable and headstrong dimensions, and did not differ significantly regarding depression. The headstrong dimension uniquely predicted the substance disorder outcome, however, while irritability uniquely predicted anxiety. These results also have some similarities with Burke’s (in press) findings; negative affect predicted later depression specifically, whereas the oppositional factor predicted later CD.
