(iv) Involvement of Health-Care Providers in Health Care Decisions. Twenty items were used to assess involvement of health care providers in decision making regarding gene testing. The items included statements in which the participants were asked to characterize the “extent to which they discuss health concerns with providers,” the “extent to which their provider understand their background, needs, concerns and values,” and the “medical judgments made by the providers on their behalf” using a 4-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree to 4 = strongly agree). Also an item in which participants were asked if they believed their provider would recommend genetic testing if he or she believed it would cause them harm was included.
