Chunk #44 — 4. Selectively bred high alcohol-consuming rat lines and their phenotypic characteristics — 4.6. Selectively bred rat lines and some family history positive correlates
As another example, the UChB, and possibly the UChA, rat line would be ideal for assessing manipulations of the Aldh2 system with compound(s) such as those described by Arolfo et al. (2009) and Rezvani et al. (2012; also see Bell et al., 2012). This stems from the substantial work examining the alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase systems of these rat lines, with genetic alterations in the Aldh2 system playing a prominent role in their divergent ethanol intakes (Quintanilla et al., 2006). In addition, there is an apparent clinical association between an Aldh2 genotype and alcohol consumption (Hendershot et al., 2009). To facilitate identification of a rat line, or rat lines, with alterations in a particular neurotransmitter, neuromodulator, and/or enzyme system that can be manipulated by a compound targeting that particular system, Table 3 outlines innate differences in neurotransmitter, neuromodulator and enzyme systems of these rat lines (AA vs. ANA, HAD vs. LAD, P vs. NP and sP vs. sNP) and Table 4 outlines compounds tested thus far in the respective high alcohol-consuming lines.
