haplotypes (Korean_H3, Korean_H4, and Korean_H5) do share an SNP (i.e., rs6495308) with EA_H2 and AA_H2. Overall, the Korean haplotypes provide some support for the importance of the EA and AA haplotypes previously associated with smoking-related phenotypes However, because the SNP compositions differ across EA, AA and Korean haplotypes, the haplotype association signals are not directly comparable. To get a clearer picture of cross-population haplotypic effects, it is essential to examine the effects of haplotypes with the same SNP combinations on smoking behavior across different ethnic populations given that haplotype frequencies differ so dramatically in populations of different ancestries.
