Finally, results from the extended path models including parental educational attainment, income, and parenting as pathways through which social genetic effects occur are summarized in Table 2. This extended full model explained 50.25% and 48% of the variance in offspring educational attainment for the father model and the mother model, respectively. As shown in Figure 3, for both fathers and mothers, parental education polygenic score was not significantly associated with parental bonding. Neither paternal educational attainment nor father-reported household income was associated with paternal bonding. Maternal educational attainment, but not mother-reported household income, was associated with maternal bonding. Paternal and maternal bonding were both associated with offspring educational attainment. The indirect effect of parental education polygenic score on parental bonding via parental educational attainment was significant for mothers (B = .336, SE = .020, 95% CI = [.165, .621], β = .050) but not for fathers (B = .216, 95% CI = [−.025, .505]), SE = .166, β = .031). In addition, the indirect effect from parental education polygenic score to parental educational attainment to parental bonding to offspring educational
