sMRI and postmortem schizophrenia studies have shown volume loss in the medial temporal lobe, especially in the hippocampus, as one of the most consistent structural abnormalities [1]. A meta-analysis of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies shows reductions in the myelin membranes and decreased white matter anisotropy in the deep left prefrontal and temporal cortex in schizophrenia and supports the hypothesis of structural and functional disconnectivity [9]. Neuronal axons traversing the limbic pathways from the hippocampus are connected to prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and thalamus. These pathways are involved in higher cognition and information processing, domains in which schizophrenia patients exhibit severe deficits [12].
