reducing risky alcohol use among college students. The fact that peer group deviance is among the strongest predictors of alcohol use, quantity/frequency of use, and alcohol dependence symptoms underscores the importance of peer influences at this developmental stage. The parenting variables measured here showed essentially no correlation with alcohol use outcomes at this age. The (unexpected) positive, albeit weak, association between social support and alcohol outcomes at this age could also reflect the association between friends and alcohol use at this developmental stage, as the social support items reflect interpersonal relationships. In short, these findings suggest there may be multiple pathways to problematic alcohol use in college populations, as has been found in other groups (Zucker, 2006, 2008; Hussong et al., 2011). Understanding these different pathways to alcohol outcomes in college students is an important area for further exploration.
