Sensation seeking was assessed using the Sensation Seeking Scale (Zuckerman 1979) that was modified to remove questions that directly assessed alcohol or drug use (i.e., questions 9, 10, 13, 30, and 36). These questions were removed to eliminate criterion contamination. Social deviance proneness was assessed using the Socialization Scale of the California Psychological Inventory (CPI-SS) (Gough 1969), and the Psychopathic Deviate Scale of the MMPI-2 (MMPI-PD) (Hathaway and McKinley 1989).
