To elucidate further the genetic differences between AUDIT-C and AUD, we conducted a GWAS of each phenotype with the other phenotype as a covariate. A GWAS of AUDIT-C with AUD as a covariate identified 10 GWS loci in EAs and 2 GWS loci in AAs (Supplementary Data 7). In both EAs and AAs, all loci overlapped with the GWS findings for AUDIT-C alone. A GWAS of AUD that included AUDIT-C as a covariate identified five GWS loci in EAs and one in AAs (Supplementary Data 8). Among EAs, four of the loci were the same as for AUD, the only non-overlapping finding being DIO1 (Iodothyronine Deiodinase 1). In AAs, ADH1B remained significant for AUD when accounting for AUDIT-C, but TSPAN5 did not.
