35.30, p < .001), who on average endorse symptoms of AAD more often than women and therefore have a higher chance of giving an inconsistent response, and individuals who entered the study at a younger age (χ2(5) = 133.06, p < .001). Since variance due to measurement error was taken into account in our analyses, the effect of inconsistencies due to measurement error is likely to be minor. It is however likely that certain variability in AAD symptoms has gone undetected by the restriction of the phrasing of the CAGE items to ‘ever’. This might have inflated the stability in symptoms of AAD over time which could have had its effect on our findings of genetic stability.