to include measures of frontal EEG asymmetry. Right frontal EEG asymmetry is associated with withdrawal emotions (e.g., fear, sadness), and Davidson (2004) argues that it reflects constant vigilance to threat. As shown in Figure 2–Panel B, Hane and Fox found that low responsive mothers had nine-month-old infants who exhibited more right (negative numbers) frontal EEG asymmetry, whereas the infants of high responsive mothers exhibited a left frontal EEG pattern. Notably, Hane and Fox found that infants with low responsive mothers were also more inhibited (fearful). Taken together, these studies demonstrate how caregiving in the form of low-responsiveness influences the stress-response (e.g. cortisol), threat-response (behaviorally inhibited), and frontal-regulatory systems (EEG asymmetry) throughout development.
