However, no studies about neural correlates of IR and DR in traditional list-learning tests in the elderly have yet been conducted. While neuropsychological tests have been widely used to evaluate brain function, the underlying substrates of these test results have rarely been explored. Furthermore, different memory measures of IR and DR have been treated as a whole to evaluate general episodic memory function, making it impossible to detect the variability inherent in individual memory indices (Ystad et al., 2010; Wolk et al., 2011). Therefore, the potential differences in neural mechanisms underlying IR and DR in the elderly population need to be investigated.
