Other forms of hippocampal memory are impaired by PNEE in rodents. Popovic and colleagues (177) subjected PNEE offspring exposed to gestational ethanol in a liquid diet and/or the early postnatal period to an extensive battery of memory tasks to evaluate performance in spatial learning, orientation, and simple and more complex object recognition. Generally, ethanol-exposed offspring performed poorly, though the impairments in these animals became increasingly evident as the task difficulty increased, with animals treated during the early postnatal period performing worse than others (177).